Description of two chassis structure
Home of the parameters of the car configuration table, there is a called “chassis structure”, you usually can see here are two: carry-type and non-bearing type. What do these two different? Some readers may blurt out: the bottom of the body carrying no body-type beams, non-load-style body with beams. Yes, this is the most visible difference between them, but many of today’s cars have “beam” ah! Such as crash beam, the central body of what high-intensity beam that can be said that cars are non-load-type body it? Today I write this purpose, which is slightly longer this issue in detail about.
● non-load-type body
We are non-load-type body contact with fewer vehicles, mostly trucks, professional off-road vehicles and the like. Non-load-type vehicles have rigid body frame, chassis, also known as large beams. This frame is generally rectangular or trapezoidal, and arranged in the bottom of the body, we usually invisible. The figure is a non-load-type body frame, we can see above a lot of cross-stringer to form a rectangular structure.
Frame carries the entire body, engine, suspension and body are installed on the vehicle chassis. We can see from the picture frame on the body of the screw holes are used for fixed and fixed base of the spring. So, in theory, even without the body, just a frame, “streaking” is also no problem. Then the body’s role is it? Clearly, in order to give drivers and passengers to provide a safe and comfortable environment, and to beautiful.
In theory, even if no body, just a frame, “streaking” have no problem as
The biggest advantage of this structure is the body, high strength, steel can provide a strong body rigidity, but also help improve safety for trucks and sport utility vehicle for this is very important. Another driver who had this car should have experience, hanging on a bumpy road surface feedback to a slight feeling in the car, and this is because some of the car body and chassis reduces vibration between the methods used to connect together, so more stable when going over bumps more comfortable.
As non-load bearing type and high-strength body for cross-country 』
Non-load-type body structure is a long history of chassis form, almost all the cars in the early use of this structure. 100 years ago, when a car or custom car era, people will first select a car chassis, and then re-elected on the basis of chassis to choose a different car manufacturers to customize different styles of body.
But with the development of the shortcomings of non-load-type body exposed, one of which is the weight of large, heavy frame itself, while the body and frame is two separate parts, the overall weight of even greater , with more than steel, the cost will be relatively high. For Frame body there is another problem is that vehicles higher center of gravity than the load type. We can imagine that, in the bottom of the frame, while the body is installed in the chassis, then the body should be in the frame on the floor above in any case. If you have been on non-bearing type of professional sport utility vehicle body structure might have felt this way: The whole car looks very tall, but the feeling did not take into account such a big imagination, because the floor is also very high.
● Unibody
For the family cars, the non-load-type body weight of the biggest problems is the body too, so with the development of automobile technology, it abolished the independence of non-bearing structure in the rigid frame, the entire body into a single structure, which is the bearing-type body.
Some readers may be puzzled to see here, and bearing-type body is not “beam”? Just wrap a steel body, in everyday driving it not be as vulnerable as cardboard boxes? Furthermore, we have often heard the car manufacturers to promote their use, said the number of MPa high-strength steel beams, so here’s “beam” and the non-load-type body of the “beam” What’s the difference?
Bearing-type body in the end there is no “beam”, please read the following carefully to this picture, this is a semi-regular compact car’s body, we can see the body of the shell, roof and floor, and usually what we call the A, B, C 3 Genzhu are connected together. In the stamping stage, the plate is first punch into different shapes, then welded into a complete body. In fact, these components can be divided into two types according to function: body panels and structural parts.
『 Body panels
The so-called panel is to cover the surface of the body parts, basically we can see from the car are all part of the panel, such as doors, roof, fenders, etc., they usually play the role of beauty and shelter, usually not more than 1 mm with a thickness of steel stamping. We usually say a car plate Baohou refers to these areas. In fact these parts for a very limited body strength, so we have not from the body panels of Bohou to determine a car’s crash safety of the. Of course, the thick steel plate to withstand mild virtually scratch or to be more certain terms.
『 Automotive Body
Next we talk about the load type body so-called “beam”, it’s scientific name should be called the body structural parts. Body structural parts hidden under the body panels, support and impact on the body play a role, located in different parts of the beam body is a body structural parts. The figure is a typical beam front office. We can see it from the steel tube into a closed section structure, plate thickness and material specifications to be much higher ratio of body panels, and in order to effectively absorb collision impact energy, the beam will be different strength steel welding together to form an effective energy absorbing crumple zone. There are also not necessarily a closed section beam structure, they are lightweight as possible under the principle of various shapes were designed to withstand the force a particular direction.
Unibody biggest advantage than light weight, and low center of gravity inside the space utilization than non-load-type body structure higher, so the field in the family car has replaced the non-load-type body structure. However, the torsional rigidity body bearing type and bearing capacity is relatively weak, so in the field of off-road vehicles and goods or non-load bearing-type body in the world.
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